the Old Testament and Judaism, as John puts it, “no one has ever seen God” (1:18); he is, as Paul puts it here, invisible (aoratos).135 A major question, therefore, in Jewish theology at the time, with parallels in the Greco-Roman world, was this: where can God be seen? In this respect, Colossians 1:15 is similar to John’s depiction of the “Word” in 1:1–18—the Word was “with God” and “was God” (v. 1) and thus has “made him known” (v. 18)—and to Hebrews 1:3—“the Son is the radiance of God’s glory
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